![]() Pills taken to prevent pregnancy up to 5 days after unprotected sexĢ for combined estrogen and progestin ECPs Prevents or delays the release of eggs from the ovaries. ![]() Prevents pregnancy by avoiding unprotected vaginal sex during most fertileĮmergency contraception pills (ulipristal acetate 30 mg or levonorgestrel 1.5 mg) ![]() Prevents pregnancy by avoiding unprotected vaginal sex during most fertile days, Reliable effectiveness rates are not available Prevents pregnancy by avoiding unprotected vaginal sex during fertile days Prevents pregnancy by avoiding unprotected vaginal sex during most fertile days. Thickens cervical mucous to block sperm and egg from meetingįorms a barrier to prevent sperm and egg from meeting Intrauterine device (IUD): copper containingĬopper component damages sperm and prevents it from meeting the egg Monthly injectables or combined injectable contraceptives (CIC)Ĭombined contraceptive patch and combined contraceptive vaginal ring (CVR) Thickens cervical mucous to blocks sperm and egg from meeting and prevents ovulation Thickens cervical mucous to block sperm and egg from meeting and prevents ovulation Progestogen-only pills (POPs) or "the minipill" Prevents the release of eggs from the ovaries (ovulation) Pregnancies per 100 women per year as commonly usedĬombined oral contraceptives (COCs) or “the pill” Pregnancies per 100 women per year with consistent and correct use Mechanisms of action and effectiveness of contraceptive methods Method Methods are classified by their effectiveness as commonly used into: Very effective (0–0.9 pregnancies per 100 women) Effective (1-9 pregnancies per 100 women) Moderately effective (10-19 pregnancies per 100 women) Less effective (20 or more pregnancies per 100 women) Effectiveness of methods is measured by the number of pregnancies per 100 women using the method per year. These methods have different mechanisms of action and effectiveness in preventing unintended pregnancy. Methods of contraception include oral contraceptive pills, implants, injectables, patches, vaginal rings, Intra uterine devices, condoms, male and female sterilization, lactational amenorrhea methods, withdrawal and fertility awareness based methods. ![]() As these barriers are addressed in some regions there have been increases in demand satisfied with modern methods of contraception Reasons for this slow increase include: limited choice of methods limited access to services, particularly among young, poorer and unmarried people fear or experience of side-effects cultural or religious opposition poor quality of available services users’ and providers’ bias against some methods and gender-based barriers to accessing services. The proportion of women of reproductive age who have their need for family planning satisfied by modern contraceptive methods (SDG indicator 3.7.1) has increased gradually in recent decades, rising from 73.6 per cent in 2000 to 76.8 per cent in 2020. An additional 70 million women are projected to be added by 2030. Consequently, the number of women using a modern contraceptive method increased from 663 million to 851 million and the contraceptive prevalence rate increased from 47.7 to 49.0 per cent. The number of women desiring to use family planning has increased markedly over the past two decades, from 900 million in 2000 to nearly 1.1 billion in 2020. It offers a range of potential non-health benefits that encompass expanded education opportunities and empowerment for women, and sustainable population growth and economic development for countries. Use of contraception prevents pregnancy-related health risks for women, especially for adolescent girls, and when births are separated by less than two years, the infant mortality rate is 45% higher than it is when births are 2-3 years apart and 60% higher than it is when births are four or more years apart. Ensuring access for all people to their preferred contraceptive methods advances several human rights including the right to life and liberty, freedom of opinion and expression and the right to work and education, as well as bringing significant health and other benefits. ![]()
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